碳酸钠，又叫纯碱、洗涤碱、苏打等，常温下为白色无气味的粉末或颗粒。它是一种重要的有机化工原料，主要用于制作玻璃、肥皂、纸张及其它化学制品，并且还广泛用于生活洗涤、酸类中和以及食品加工等。

Sodium carbonate, also known as soda ash, washing soda, soda, etc., is a white odorless powder or particle at room temperature. It is an important organic chemical raw material, mainly used in the production of glass, soap, paper, and other chemical products. It is also widely used in household washing, acid neutralization, and food processing.

碳酸氢钠，俗称小苏打。它也是一种工业化学用品，固体50℃以上开始逐渐分解生成碳酸钠、二氧化碳和水，270℃时完全分解。在大批量生产馒头、油条等食品时，常把苏打粉融水拌入面中，热后分解成碳酸钠、二氧化碳和水，二氧化碳和水蒸气溢出，可致食品更加蓬松，碳酸钠残留在食品中。馒头中添加过量的苏打粉是可以品尝出来的。

Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda. It is also an industrial chemical that gradually decomposes solids above 50 ℃ to form sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water, and completely decomposes at 270 ℃. In the mass production of Mantou, deep-fried dough sticks and other foods, soda powder is often mixed with melted water in noodles, which is decomposed into sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water after heating. The overflow of carbon dioxide and water vapor can make the food more fluffy, and sodium carbonate remains in the food. Mantou can be tasted by adding too much soda powder.

氢氧化钾厂家来讲讲在化学中常用来区分碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的方法有以下几种：

Potassium hydroxide manufacturers will talk about the following methods commonly used to distinguish sodium carbonate from sodium bicarbonate in chemistry:

1.溶解度法。在两支试管中放入同等质量的两种固体并加水震荡，固体溶解完耗水多的是碳酸氢钠，耗水少的是碳酸钠。该实验表明：碳酸钠的溶解度比碳酸氢钠强。

1. Solubility method. Put two solids of the same quality into two test tubes and shake them with water. After the solid is dissolved, sodium bicarbonate consumes more water, while sodium carbonate consumes less water. This experiment shows that the solubility of sodium carbonate is stronger than that of sodium bicarbonate.

2.指示剂法。向用水完全溶解等量两种固体的两个试管里各滴入两滴酚酞溶液，产生反应后液体会变成红色，红色较浅的碳酸氢钠，较深的是碳酸钠。该实验表明：碳酸钠的碱性比碳酸氢钠强。

2. Indicator method. Drop two drops of phenolphthalein solution into two test tubes that completely dissolve the same amount of two solids in water. After the reaction, the liquid will turn red, with a lighter red color of sodium bicarbonate and a darker color of sodium carbonate. The experiment showed that the alkalinity of sodium carbonate was stronger than that of sodium bicarbonate.

3.盐酸反应法。向放有两种固体的试管内分别加入少量盐酸，快速产生气体的是碳酸氢钠，开始不产生气体一段时间后才产生气体的是碳酸钠。碳酸氢钠比碳酸钠更容易跟稀盐酸反应。

3. Hydrochloric acid reaction method. Add a small amount of hydrochloric acid to the test tube containing the two solids, respectively. Sodium bicarbonate quickly generates gas, and sodium carbonate does not generate gas for a period of time before generating gas. Sodium bicarbonate reacts more easily with dilute hydrochloric acid than sodium carbonate.

4.热稳定法。加热两个不同固体的试管并将产生的气体通过澄清的石灰水，石灰水变浑浊的该实验表明：是碳酸氢钠，不变的是碳酸钠。该实验表明：碳酸氢钠受热易分解，而碳酸钠热稳定性较好。

4. Thermal stability method. The experiment of heating two test tubes with different solids and passing the resulting gas through clarified limewater, which became turbid, showed that it was sodium bicarbonate, while the unchanged one was sodium carbonate. The experiment shows that sodium bicarbonate is easy to decompose when heated, while sodium carbonate has good thermal stability.

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